Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants with and without metabolic syndrome.
No Metabolic syndrome | Metabolic syndrome | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Number | 2390 | 1103 | |
Male (%) | 846(35.4) | 403(36.5) | 0.514 |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 55.4 ± 13.2 | 61.2 ± 12.0 | <0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 (%) | |||
<24, | 1385(58.0) | 173(15.8) | <0.001 |
24–27 | 654(27.4) | 354(32.3) | |
≥27 | 347(14.5) | 570(52.0) | |
Live in rural area (%) | 840(35.1) | 471(42.7) | <0.001 |
AST > 34 U/L (%) | 159(6.7) | 156(14.1) | <0.001 |
ALT > 36 U/L (%) | 211(8.8) | 245(22.2) | <0.001 |
GGT > 26 U/L (%) | 462(19.3) | 432(39.2) | <0.001 |
HBsAg(+) (%) | 319(13.3) | 135(12.2) | 0.365 |
Report a history of HBV infection (%) | 256(10.7) | 83(7.5) | 0.003 |
Smoking (%) | |||
Never | 1811(78.9) | 803(75.8) | 0.016 |
<20 pack year | 271(11.8) | 125(11.8) | |
≥20 pack year | 212(9.2) | 132(12.5) | |
Alcohol consumption (%) | |||
Non drinker | 1561(65.9) | 752(68.8) | 0.016 |
Normal drinker | 546(23.1) | 206(18.8) | |
Heavy drinker | 260(11.0) | 135(12.4) | |
Fatty liver (%) | |||
None | 384(51.6) | 70(21.7) | <0.001 |
Mild | 245(32.9) | 72(22.4) | |
Moderate | 105(14.1) | 139(43.2) | |
Severe | 10(1.3) | 41(12.7) | |
Family history of HTN (%) | 891(37.3) | 424(38.4) | 0.511 |
Family history of DM (%) | 550(23.0) | 286(25.9) | 0.06 |
Educational level (%) | |||
No education completed | 153(6.5) | 149(13.7) | <0.001 |
Elementary school | 518(21.8) | 346(31.7) | |
Middle school | 382(16.1) | 173(15.9) | |
High school | 713(30.1) | 265(24.3) | |
College and higher | 605(25.5) | 157(14.4) | |
Exercise (%) | |||
0–30 minutes/day | 826(35.6) | 375(35.1) | 0.001 |
30–60 minutes/day | 986(42.5) | 513(48.1) | |
>60 minutes/day | 508(21.9) | 179(16.8) | |
HOMA-IR, mean (SD) | 1.58 ± 1.54 | 3.79 ± 5.14 | <0.001 |
APRI > 0.5 (%) | 153(6.4) | 130(11.8) | <0.001 |
APRI > 1.0 (%) | 17(0.7) | 16(1.5) | 0.036 |
