Table 2 Summary of the phylogenetic distribution of the Giardia’s absent GPL biosynthesis enzymes in other organisms.

From: Giardia’s primitive GPL biosynthesis pathways with parasitic adaptation ‘patches’: implications for Giardia’s evolutionary history and for finding targets against Giardiasis

Organism

PA pathway

CDP-DAG pathway

Kennedy Pathway

Gpd1/Gpd2(NAD+)

Sct1/Gpt2

Pgs_pld

Cls_cap

Cls_pld

Pem1/Pem2

Psse1/Psse2

Ect/Pct

Ept/Cpt

Bacteria*

+

+

+

+

−/−

Archaea**

+

+

+

+/−

Excavata

Giardia lamblia (P)

−/−

Trichomonas vaginalis (P)

+

−/+

+

+

+

Trypanosoma brucei (P)

+

+

+

+

−/−

+

+

+

Leishmania major (P)

+

+

+

+

+/+

+

+

+

Bodo saltans (F)

+

+

+

+

+/+

+

+

+

Naegleria gruberi (F)

+

+

+

+

+/+

+

+

+

Amoebozoa

Entamoeba dispar (P)

−/+

+

+

+

Entamoeba histolytica (P)

−/+

+

+

+

Acanthamoeba castellanii (F)

+

+

+

+

+

+/+

+

+

+

  1. The symbol “*” indicates the hypothetical bacterial-ancestor-of-eukaryote co-descendants (we call them “the putative bacterial ancestor” in the text for short). For the details of the distribution of the enzymes in these bacteria please see the Supplementary Table S6. The symbol “**” indicates that all the genome-sequenced archaea organisms in NCBI so far. (P), parasitic; (F), free-living.