Figure 1

Schedule of chronic social defeat stress (10 days), social interaction test, drug treatment, and behavioural tests. i.p., injection intraperitoneal; DG, diterpene ginkgolides; VLX, venlafaxine; SPT, sucrose preference test; OFT, open field test; EPM, elevated plus maze; TST, tail suspension test; YM, Y-maze; FST, forced swim test.