Figure 11
From: Toxoplasma Modulates Signature Pathways of Human Epilepsy, Neurodegeneration & Cancer
Phenotypes in NSC demonstrating functions that are biologically important empirically. NFkB (left panel): T. gondii (I, II, III) infection of S-NSC alters localization of p50-NFkB(red) and Stat 3 (second panel, red): SAG1 (Green), Hoechst (blue); T. gondii, in NSC, expresses or alters host cells’ neurotransmitters. Tyrosine Hydroxylase (red) in the infected NSCs that synthesizes dopamine is present in T. gondii (middle panels 40X, 60X). This is further exemplified in the furthest right panel by a dopamine-like immunostaining pattern in the parasite (green). The red arrow in the dopamine-like staining image points to a host cell dense perinuclear distribution of label. This suggests potential to influence neurotransmission in human NSC. This could contribute to abnormal circuitry function as seen in mice and as occurs in epilepsy in some persons5, 6. These experiments for immunostaining each of these molecules were performed at separate times, not simultaneously.
