Table 1 Results of repeated-measures ANOVA of the effects of grazing years (Y) and grazing intensities (G) and their interactions on insect variables.

From: Large manipulative experiments revealed variations of insect abundance and trophic levels in response to the cumulative effects of sheep grazing

Insect variables

 

Y

G

Y*G

2, 30

4, 30

8, 30

Insect Shannon-Wiener index

F

23.83***

3.6*

0.91 NS

Insect species richness

F

47.55***

9.61***

0.72 NS

Insect abundance

F

51.64***

15.14***

2.19 NS

Formicidae abundance

F

13.96***

0.31 NS

3.66**

Acrididae abundance

F

53.21***

7.79**

1.93 NS

Cicadellidae abundance

F

32.62***

15.57***

0.77 NS

Primary consumer abundance

F

34.82***

8.49***

0.65 NS

Secondary consumer abundance

F

10.54***

7.32***

2.27*

  1. including insect Shannon-Wiener index, insect species richness, insect abundance, Formicidae abundance, Acrididae abundance, Cicadellidae abundance, primary consumer abundance and secondary consumer abundance. Significance: ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05; NS: not significant (P > 0.05).
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