Table 1 Characteristics of study subjects at baseline.
From: Probiotic reduces bacterial translocation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled study
|  | Control (n = 34) | Probiotic (n = 34) |
|---|---|---|
Sex (male/female) | 20/14 | 29/5 |
Age (years) | 65.0 ± 8.3 | 64.0 ± 9.2 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.6 ± 2.6 | 24.2 ± 2.6 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 12.2 ± 7.2 | 13.9 ± 9.6 |
HbA1c (%) | 6.8 ± 0.5 | 6.9 ± 0.5 |
Glycoalbumin (%) | 17.6 ± 3.4 | 17.6 ± 2.3 |
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 129.5 ± 26.6 | 128.5 ± 19.1 |
Fasting C-peptide (ng/ml) | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.6 |
T-CHO (mg/dL) | 182.9 ± 28.2 | 188.2 ± 31.7 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 55.7 ± 14.7 | 54.0 ± 15.2 |
TG (mg/dL) | 109.4 ± 45.0 | 104.7 ± 35.6 |
hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 403.5 (166.0–757.0) | 370.5 (218.0–610.0) |
TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.5 |
IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 1.2 |
Adiponectin (μg/mL) | 8.3 ± 2.9 | 10.3 ± 7.2 |
LBP (μg/mL) | 11.2 ± 3.9 | 10.0 ± 2.2 |
Medication for diabetes | ||
 No medication | 8 | 6 |
 Insulin only or with oral therapy | 4 | 3 |
 Oral therapy only | ||
  SU | 7 | 9 |
  Metformin | 16 | 17 |
  Thiazolidine | 1 | 5 |
  DPP-4 inhibitor | 16 | 22 |
  Glinide | 6 | 3 |
  SGLT2 inhibitor | 1 | 2 |
  GLP-1-receptor agonist | 1 | 0 |
