Table 2 Effect size (β), standard error (SE), and lower (LCI) and upper (UCI) 95% confidence intervals of explanatory variables for (a) the proportion of time spent in water,(b) travel speed, and (c) distance from the shore when on land of 25 GPS-tagged Eurasian beavers in southeast Norway (2009–2016). We performed model averaging of best models (∆AICc < 4) to estimate the effect size of each variable. Informative parameters are presented in bold.

From: Extra-territorial movements differ between territory holders and subordinates in a large, monogamous rodent

Variable

β

SE

LCI

UCI

(a) Proportion of GPS positions in water

Movement type (intra-territorial)

0.666

0.133

0.928

0.405

Season (spring)

0.403

0.146

0.689

0.118

Status (subordinate)

−0.371

0.192

−0.747

0.005

Territory size (km)

0.086

0.060

−0.032

0.204

Age

−0.010

0.035

−0.079

0.059

(b) Travel speed (m/hr)

Movement type (intra-territorial)

186.501

9.643

205.404

167.597

Status (subordinate)

32.371

13.646

59.122

5.620

Territory size (km)

22.907

2.481

18.043

27.771

Age

−1.824

1.297

−4.368

0.719

Season (spring)

−8.212

8.657

−25.183

8.759

(c) Distance from the shore when on land (m)

Movement type (intra-territorial)

5.170

2.603

0.066

10.273

Status (subordinate)

10.050

4.938

0.369

19.731

Territory size (km)

3.503

1.497

6.438

0.568

Age

0.679

0.798

−0.885

2.243

Season (spring)

1.523

3.640

−5.615

8.660

  1. *For extra-territorial movements the distance moved per hour was calculated based on all available GPS positions (there were too few positions to separate for land and water positions); for intra-territorial movements we only used water positions to be conservative (beavers move faster in water and individuals spend more time in water when conducting forays).