Figure 1

Glycan synthesis strategies. Precursor glycans (1–3) were derived from (a) yeast invertase or (b) lipid-linked oligosaccharides (LLOs) from glycoengineered E. coli cells carrying plasmid pYCG, and subsequently used to synthesize glycans 4–21. Enzymatic steps: (i) PNGase F (product shown is representative of high mannose yeast glycans); (ii) α1,2- and α1,6-mannosidase; (iii) jack bean α-mannosidase and α1,6-mannosidase; (iv) GnTI; (v) β1,4-galactosyltransferase; (vi) GnTIV; (vii) non-enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted LLOs; (viii) GnTII; (ix) GnTV; and (x) GnTIII.