Figure 2
From: Altered spontaneous calcium signaling of in situ chondrocytes in human osteoarthritic cartilage
Real-time calcium imaging of in situ human chondrocytes. (a) Study design, 2 mm in diameter cylindrical osteochondral samples at different ICRS grades were collected form femoral condyle during arthroscopy. Samples were cut into two half-cylinders and used for calcium imaging at 4 mM and 0 mM [Ca2+]e environments. To classify calcium imaging data, histology evaluation was performed on these samples afterward. (b) Typical [Ca2+]i image series in ICRS 0 articular cartilage sample and in (c) single lacuna of the same sample. (d) A typical [Ca2+]i intensity oscillations curve of a chondrocyte and the definitions of spatiotemporal parameters. (e) Typical [Ca2+]i intensity oscillations curve in the same lacuna shown in (c) (white arrows indicated cells displayed spontaneous [Ca2+]i signal).
