Table 4 Comparison of disease incidence in lifetime between hot spa bathers and non-hot spa bathers by gender.

From: Preventive and promotive effects of habitual hot spa-bathing on the elderly in Japan

Men

Lifetime

Women

Non-spa bather

Spa-bather

Pre-adjusted

Adjusted

Non-spa bather

Spa-bather

Pre-adjusted

Adjusted

990

3091

OR

p-value

OR

p-value

Participants

1332

3839

OR

p-value

OR

p-value

155

540

1.140

0.186

1.104

0.284

Cancer

175

524

1.045

0.638

1.020

0.817

103

303

0.936

0.582

0.679

0.000

IHD

71

165

0.798

0.120

0.839

0.172

114

320

0.887

0.302

0.810

0.049

Arrhythmia

108

297

0.950

0.664

1.168

0.160

425

1204

0.848

0.026

0.869

0.053

Hypertension

552

1397

0.808

0.001

0.767

0.000

36

111

0.987

0.947

0.908

0.599

Apoplexy

29

65

0.774

0.255

1.384

0.052

85

259

0.974

0.839

0.937

0.621

Gout

7

29

1.441

0.385

1.795

0.212

36

112

0.996

0.985

0.965

0.856

Asthma

54

145

0.929

0.651

0.783

0.098

181

562

0.993

0.943

0.922

0.386

DM

137

373

0.939

0.548

1.238

0.039

120

274

0.705

0.003

0.651

0.000

Hyperlipidemia

193

488

0.859

0.098

0.879

0.163

46

143

0.995

0.979

0.744

0.057

Renal disease

43

92

0.736

0.101

0.666

0.022

24

40

0.528

0.013

0.353

0.000

Depression

43

80

0.638

0.018

0.916

0.628

25

61

0.777

0.293

0.427

0.000

Chr Hepatitis

23

72

1.088

0.728

0.952

0.849

13

46

1.135

0.688

1.241

0.455

Collagen Dis

39

129

1.153

0.443

1.405

0.053

42

124

0.943

0.749

0.672

0.035

Allergy

98

268

0.945

0.644

0.881

0.299

819

2528

0.938

0.502

0.823

0.016

Total Patients

1046

2868

0.808

0.005

0.769

0.000

  1. P-values with a significant difference between hot spa bathers and non-hot spa bathers are
  2. shown in bold. IHD; ischemic heart disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; Chr Hepatitis: chronic
  3. hepatitis; Collagen Dis: collagen disease.
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