Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Antimicrobial activity of apple cider vinegar against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans; downregulating cytokine and microbial protein expression

Figure 4

(a–c) Photos of monocytes in co-culture with microbes. Monocytes were cultured with the microbes and ACV. Trypan blue addition indicated over 95% viability. Red arrows indicate microbes and the blue arrow shows monocytes in Fig. 4a which are not visible in Fig. 4b and c since they have been covered by the microbes. Photographs were taken after 24 h incubation at 37 °C under × 100 magnification using a light microscope indicated over 90% viability with monocytes at 2, 4, 6 and 24 h of co-culture (24 h photos shown). A = C. albicans, B = E-coli and C = S. aureus respectively.

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