Table 2 Cox proportional hazards regression models of risk factors associated with Overall Survival.

Age (years)

1.01

0.99–1.04

0.540

BMI (kg/m²)

0.96

0.81–1.10

0.231

SBP (mmHg)

1.12

0.91–1.34

0.451

DBP (mmHg)

0.92

0.81–1.04

0. 531

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

0.95

0.81–1.12

0.612

HDL (mmol/L)

1.21

1.09–1.71

0.019*

1.21

0.95–1.51

0.231

LDL (mmol/L)

1.31

1.17–1.53

0.021*

1.29

0.91–1.99

0.313

Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)

1.01

0.93–1.09

0.711

CEA (ng/ml)

1.10

1.02–1.19

0.030*

1.11

0.89–1.21

0.198

Stage

1.31

1.02–2.01

0.002*

1.52

1.21–2.34

0.001*

I

1.00

1.00

II

1.02

0.79–1.02

0.312

1.12

0.86–1.24

0.392

III

2.81

1.89–3.98

0.001*

2.41

1.61–3.21

0.001*

Location

1.21

0.81–1.53

0.324

Ascending, transverse and descending

1.00

Sigmoid

1.12

0.91–1.21

0.721

Rectum

1.32

0.82–1.51

0.623

Differentiation

0.82

0.71–0.92

0.005*

0.86

0.71–0.97

0.029*

Metformin treatment

0.91

0.79–0.97

0.011*

0.89

0.75–0.94

0.022 *

Statin treatment

0.97

0.89–1.032

0.121

MetS

1.21

0.72–1.53

0.417

Smoking status

2.61

1.23–4.12

0.005*

2.98

1.33–4.96

0.001*

Never smoker

1.00

1.00

Former smoker

1.03

0.80–1.12

0.512

1.22

0.91–1.41

0.191

Current smoker

2.89

1.21–3.87

0.001*

3.35

1.46–5.68

0.001*