Figure 3
From: Evidence of the Zanclean megaflood in the eastern Mediterranean Basin
Gateway for the passage of the Zanclean flood to the eastern Mediterranean. (a) Shaded relief model of south-eastern Sicily showing terrestrial chaotic Zanclean deposits, and seafloor slope gradient map showing Noto Canyon. Isobaths denoted by dotted red lines. Location in (e). (b) Seismic reflection profile CIR-07 showing Noto Canyon head and Messinian erosional surface upslope. Location in (a). Interpretation is based on correlation with nearby wells (shown in (e)). (c) Photograph of terrestrial chaotic Zanclean deposits. Location in (a). (d) Seismic reflection profile C-578, located upslope of Noto Canyon, showing a channel eroded in pre-Messinian limestones. Channel fill is marked by large-scale downlap and sigmoidal internal configuration (denoted by yellow lines), suggesting infilling by high energy deposition, and is sealed by Plio-Quaternary muds. Interpretation and depth conversion based on well Rosa_001 (location in (a)). Un-interpreted profile in Supplementary Fig. S2. (e) Messinian topography (above and below present sea level) across south-east Sicily and Malta Plateau, generated using published seismic reflection profiles and well data (Supplementary Fig. S4), overlaid on shaded relief model of present bathymetry. Thickness of Messinian evaporites from well data is included. Potential flow paths of the Zanclean flood are indicated by red arrows (solid = likely; dashed = unlikely). Extent of unit 2 is outlined in orange. Dashed black lines denote boundaries of graben structures. Maps generated with ArcMap 10.2 (http://www.esri.com/arcgis/). Background data from a recent compilation39 and EMODnet bathymetry (www.emodnet-bathymetry.eu/).
