Table 1 Comparisons between the methods used to make the orthotopic tumour model.

From: Endoscopic non-ablative fractional laser therapy in an orthotopic colon tumour model

Methods

Success rate (%) (# of successful attempts

/total used mice)

Last follow-up (days)

Advantages

Disadvantages

Intra-luminal seeding with laparotomy

20.0

(3/15)

45

Simultaneous introduction of a large number of cancer cells

Laparotomy is necessary;

Complicated surgical procedure

Intra-colonic wall injection with laparotomy

75.0

(6/8)

21

Relatively simple procedure

Laparotomy is necessary;

High rate of failure of the intracolonic injections

Endoscopic implantation

92.3

(12/13)

10

Minimally invasive;

Relatively faster tumour growth

Endoscopic tools are necessary;

High rate of failure of the intracolonic injections