Figure 5
Second-order and first-order percolation transitions for a tree-like interdependent system of five random network layers. Shown are the sizes of the giant components SA or SC (a), SE (b), SD (c) and SB (d) versus the random-network parameter z, where the solid lines represent theoretical predictions and the symbols are numerical results averaged over 20 independent network realizations. The network size is N = 105. The dotted vertical lines mark the percolation thresholds for B or the phase transition points for other layers induced by its percolation, and the dashed vertical lines mark the percolation thresholds for D or the induced phase transition points for other networks.
