Table 1 Effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals for parameters predicting lek territory ownership and song structure in long-billed hermits. Effect sizes that did not overlap with zero are shown in bold.

From: Spatial memory is as important as weapon and body size for territorial ownership in a lekking hummingbird

Response

Data set

Predictor

Effect size

Lower CI

Upper CI

Sample size

Territory ownership

Adults & juveniles

Bill tip length

0.6895

0.3316

1.0473

30

Body size (PC1)

1.0074

0.6496

1.3653

30

Load lifting

0.0443

−0.3135

0.4022

30

Spatial memory

1.1244

0.7665

1.4822

30

Adults

Bill tip length

0.5993

0.4267

0.7720

20

Body size (PC1)

0.7594

0.5876

0.9312

20

Load lifting

−0.1805

−0.6601

0.2991

20

Spatial memory

1.0130

0.8129

1.2131

20

Song deviation

Adults & juveniles

Body size (PC1)

−0.2091

−0.0031

0.0043

26

Signal-to-noise ratio

−0.0045

−0.3271

0.3425

26

Adults

Signal-to-noise ratio

−0.0039

−0.0031

0.0043

25

Spatial memory

−0.3971

−0.3271

0.3425

25

Song consistency

Adults & juveniles

Signal-to-noise ratio

−0.0069

−0.0007

0.0037

26

Spatial memory

0.3144

−0.0364

0.3642

26

Adults

Signal-to-noise ratio

−0.0069

−0.0119

−0.0017

26

Spatial memory

0.3144

0.1016

0.5248

26

Mean frequency

Adults & juveniles

Body size (PC1)

0.0402

−0.1228

0.2011

137

Signal-to-noise ratio

0.0004

−0.0014

0.0022

137

Adults

Body size (PC1)

0.0383

−0.1361

0.2125

123

Signal-to-noise ratio

0.0003

−0.0015

0.0021

123

Lowest frequency

Adults & juveniles

Body size (PC1)

−0.3085

−0.6101

−0.0069

137

Signal-to-noise ratio

−0.0043

−0.0076

−0.0010

137

Adults

Body size (PC1)

−0.2258

−0.5543

0.1026

123

Signal-to-noise ratio

−0.0041

−0.0075

−0.0007

123

Duration

Adults & juveniles

Body size (PC1)

−0.1395

−0.3747

0.0930

137

Signal-to-noise ratio

0.0008

−0.0017

0.0034

137

Adults

Body size (PC1)

−0.1362

−0.3920

0.1224

123

Signal-to-noise ratio

0.0013

−0.0014

0.0039

123