Table 5 Univariate statistical analysis of urine samples (fasting subjects subset).

From: Plasma and urinary metabolomic profiles of Down syndrome correlate with alteration of mitochondrial metabolism

Metabolites

DS (median)

CTRL (median)

DS/CTRL

p

pFDR

Cliff’s delta

1-Methylnicotinamide

90.79

77.76

1.17

0.66

0.778

Negligible

2-Hydroxyisobutyricacid

534.91

466.07

1.15

0.347

0.562

Small

3-Hydroxyisovalericacid

578.97

702.61

0.82

0.21

0.385

Small

4-Hydroxyphenylacetate

776.86

717.87

1.08

0.44

0.605

Small

Acetone

177.04

157.98

1.12

0.392

0.562

Small

Alanine

641.81

716.87

0.9

0.392

0.562

Small

Allantoin

259.48

253.01

1.03

0.361

0.562

Small

Asparagine

229.66

230.47

1

0.547

0.96

Negligible

Citrate

2955.7

2223.93

1.33*

0.104

0.38

Small

Creatine

1623.66

710.51

2.29

0.809

0.89

Negligible

Creatine + Creatinine

55526.11

67049.14

0.83

0.146

0.385

Small

Creatinine

34711.64

40183.87

0.86

0.376

0.562

Small

Dimethylamine

3337.22

3106.79

1.07

0.2

0.385

Small

Dimethylglycine

1444.82

1402.27

1.03

0.989

0.989

Negligible

Ethanolamine

622.5

552.55

1.13

0.045

0.294

Medium

Formate

185.57

202.01

0.92

0.19

0.385

Small

Fumarate

22.75

23.52

0.97

0.705

0.803

Negligible

Glutamate + Glutamine

11376.69

10271.45

1.11

0.018

0.197

Medium

Glycine

2416.04

3117.97

0.77

0.18

0.385

Small

Glycolate

1836.13

1455.26

1.26

0.585

0.742

Negligible

Hippurate

1550.73

2898.81

0.53

0.081

0.38

Medium

Isoleucine

19.45

12.83

1.52*

0.64

0.778

Negligible

Leucine

78.61

106.32

0.74**

0.003

0.042

Large

Lysine

2643.68

2768.05

0.96

0.104

0.38

Small

Phenylacetylglycine

2800.31

2413.39

1.16

0.029

0.237

Medium

Taurine

5190.12

6051.34

0.86

0.154

0.385

Small

Trigonelline

71.63

103.65

0.69**

0.138

0.385

Small

Trimethylamine-N-Oxide

6366.2

5559.22

1.15

0.21

0.385

Small

Tyrosine

891.47

801.66

1.11

0.076

0.38

Medium

Valine

79.51

83.21

0.96

0.967

0.989

Negligible

  1. List of metabolites whose concentration levels (in arbitrary units) have been determined in samples from fasting subjects (DS, n = 26; CTRL, n = 14). The p-value (p) of the univariate Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for each metabolite is reported together with the p-value calculated after false discovery rate correction (pFDR). The effect size, using the Cliff’s delta formulation, was also calculated to aid the identification of the meaningful signals giving an estimation of the magnitude of the separation between the different groups. Metabolites that show significant concentration differences in the two groups (p-value < 0.05) and/or show values in the interval next to 3:2 or 2:3 are reported in bold. *Values in the interval next to 3:2 (range 1.3–1.7). **Values in the interval next to 2:3 (range 0.58–0.76).
Back to article page