Table 1 Bone histomorphometric parameters of trabecular and cortical bones.

From: High dietary salt intake correlates with modulated Th17-Treg cell balance resulting in enhanced bone loss and impaired bone-microarchitecture in male mice

Bone parameters	Normal	LSD	HSD
LV5
BV/TV (%)	25.52 ± 0.05	28.65 ± 0.09	21.59 ± 0.84**
Tb. Th (mm)	1.23 ± 0.04	1.31 ± 0.16	1.12 ± 0.07**
Tb. No (mm⁻¹)	3.87 ± 0.42	4.35 ± 0.04	3.41 ± 0.50**
Conn. Den (mm⁻³)	2.53 ± 0.05	3.76 ± 0.09	1.97 ± 0.02**
Tb. Sp. (mm)	0.87 ± 0.08	0.42 ± 0.04	1.43 ± 0.34**
Cl. Po (%)	2.54 ± 0.37	2.12 ± 0.16	5.76 ± 0.46**
Femur Trabecular
BV/TV (%)	34.21 ± 1.32	38.25 ± 1.24	25.43 ± 1.51**
Tb. Th (mm)	1.53 ± 0.24	1.78± 0.26	1.12 ± 0.18**
Tb. No (mm⁻¹)	4.67 ± 0.21	5.21 ± 0.33	3.97 ± 0.18**
Conn. Den (mm⁻³)	3.87 ± 0.68	4.32 ± 0.84	3.61 ± 0.06*
Tb. Sp. (mm)	0.89 ± 0.01	0.54 ± 0.06	0.98 ± 0.08**
Cl. Po (%)	0.87 ± 0.09	0.62 ± 0.03	1.85 ± 0.13**
Tibia Trabecular
BV/TV (%)	31.33 ± 0.75	36.22 ± 0.45	27.43 ± 0.34**
Tb. Th (mm)	1.21 ± 0.09	1.40 ± 0.08	1.06 ± 0.04*
Tb. No (mm⁻¹)	3.21 ± 0.47	3.73 ± 0.51	3.01 ± 0.15*
Conn. Den (mm⁻³)	4.30 ± 0.47	4.73 ± 0.56	3.76 ± 0.48**
Tb. Sp. (mm)	1.37 ± 0.23	0.87 ± 0.07	1.46 ± 0.12**
Cl. Po (%)	0.85 ± 0.04	0.59 ± 0.02	2.12 ± 0.25**
Femur Cortical
Tt. Ar (mm²)	2.56 ± 0.02	2.88 ± 0.10	1.85 ± 0.11**
T. Pm (mm)	0.57 ± 0.06	0.77 ± 0.07	0.45 ± 0.04**
Ct. Ar (mm²)	0.67 ± 0.01	0.89 ± 0.08	0.42 ± 0.06*
B. Pm (mm)	1.02 ± 0.07	1.32 ± 0.10	0.86 ± 0.09**
Ct. Th (mm)	0.76 ± 0.01	0.94 ± 0.06	0.54 ± 0.07**
MMI (mm⁴)	0.42 ± 0.04	0.61 ± 0.05	0.22 ± 0.07**
Tibia Cortical
Tt. Ar (mm²)	1.88 ± 0.06	2.32 ± 0.91	1.58 ± 0.0.98**
T. Pm (mm)	0.63± 0.08	0.88 ± 0.07	0.48 ± 0.04*
Ct. Ar (mm²)	0.49 ± 0.02	0.69 ± 0.07	0.31 ± 0.03*
B. Pm (mm)	0.85 ± 0.17	1.01 ± 0.14	0.73 ± 0.12*
Ct. Th (mm)	0.56 ± 0.11	0.85 ± 0.19	0.47 ± 0.11**
MMI (mm⁴)	0.54 ± 0.07	0.71 ± 0.10	0.32 ± 0.06*

High dietary salt intake impairs both trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture. Histomorphometric parameters of trabecular and cortical bones of LV5, femur and tibia of normal, low salt diet group (LSD) and high salt diet group (HSD). Bone volume/tissue volume ratio (BV/TV); Trabecular thickness (Tb. Th); Trabecular number (Tb. No.); Connectivity density (Conn. Den); Trabecular separation (Tb. Sep.); Trabecular pattern factor (Tb. Pf.); Total cross-sectional area (Tt. Ar.); Total cross-sectional perimeter (T. Pm); Cortical bone area (Ct. Ar); Bone perimeter (B. Pm); Average cortical thickness (Ct. Th); Polar moment of inertia (MMI). The results were evaluated by using ANOVA with subsequent comparisons by Student t test for paired or nonpaired data, as appropriate. Inner values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 10) and similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. Statistical significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05 (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001) with respect to low salt diet group.

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Table 1 Bone histomorphometric parameters of trabecular and cortical bones.

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