Table 3 Contribution of the 12 predictor variables to the marginality and specialization factors of the ENFA, of the worst hit bird-groups at wind turbines in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany.

Marginality						Specialization
	Buntings	Crows	Larks	Pigeons	Raptors	Buntings	Crows	Larks	Pigeons	Raptors
Eigenvalues	1.15	1.14	1.10	1.21	1.13	0.33	0.33	0.38	0.29	0.34
Specialization accounted for by the factor	Factor 1 (15%)	Factor 1 (14%)	Factor 1 (11%)	Factor 1 (22%)	Factor 1 (13%)	Factor 2 (34%)	Factor 2 (33%)	Factor 2 (38%)	Factor 2 (30%)	Factor 2 (34%)
Bushlands	++	+++	+++	++	++	*	**	**	*	*
Fields	−−−−¹	−−−−¹	−−−−¹	−−−−¹	−−−−¹	******	***	********	****	********
Forests_forestry	++++++	+++++	++++++	+++++	+++++	**	0	*	**	***
Flowing_watercourses	+	0	+	0	+	*****	*******	****	***	****
Green_areas_settlements	+++	++++	+++	++++	++++	0	0	*	***	**
Grass_forbs	+++	++++	++++	++++	+++	*	*	*	**	*
Ruderal_areas	++	++	++	++++	++	***	*	*	***	*
Shrublands	++	+	++	+	+	**	****	*	**	**
Special_biotas	0	+	−1	−1	0	**	*	***	***	0
Settlements_structures	+	++	+	+++	++	**	**	*	***	*
Still_watercourses	+	++	+	++	++	**	*	**	*****	*
Wetlands	+++	+++	++	+	+++	*	**	*	**	*

Marginality factor 1−+: the focal bird-groups were detected at locations with values higher than the average cell value for the particular predictor variable, i.e. avoidance; −: an increasing negative distance may be understood as preferring proximity for the particular predictor variable. Specialization factor 2−*: the focal bird-groups occupied a narrower range of values for the particular predictor variable than those available in the reference set. The greater the number of symbols (+, −, *) the narrower the range; with each symbol reflecting an influence of 0.10 on a scale between 0 and 1 (+ = 0.1, ++++++++++ = 1), where 0 indicates a very weak correlation/low expression of the respective factor.

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