Table 1 Classification accuracy and the projection direction in different outlier conditions.

From: Improved Graph Embedding for Robust Recognition with outliers

Methods

Occurrence rate (%)

Occurrence Strength

0%

3%

8%

0.00

\({\bf{6.00}}{\boldsymbol{\times }}\sqrt{{\bf{2}}}\)

\({\bf{8.60}}{\boldsymbol{\times }}\sqrt{{\bf{2}}}\)

LDA (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.10 ± 4.38)

0.91 ± 0.03 (128.85 ± 32.27)

0.73 ± 0.06 (79.89 ± 51.75)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.10 ± 4.38)

0.88 ± 0.04 (113.72 ± 50.08)

0.78 ± 0.04 (90.36 ± 57.35)

(Time/s)

0.62

0.64

0.61

0.62

0.61

0.63

R LDA (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.09 ± 4.31)

0.91 ± 0.03 (128.93 ± 32.10)

0.73 ± 0.06 (79.90 ± 51.79)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.09 ± 4.31)

0.88 ± 0.03 (113.25 ± 38.82)

0.78 ± 0.05 (92.08 ± 53.09)

(Time/s)

0.64

0.65

0.64

0.64

0.64

0.64

H LDA (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.02 (134.43 ± 16.47)

0.53 ± 0.05 (45.02 ± 1.54)

0.51 ± 0.04 (44.63 ± 1.07)

0.96 ± 0.02 (134.43 ± 16.47)

0.62 ± 0.14 (52.53 ± 30.37)

0.53 ± 0.08 (47.19 ± 16.78)

(Time/s)

2.80

2.83

2.82

2.80

2.83

2.84

NDA (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.15 ± 5.65)

0.94 ± 0.04 (133.15 ± 28.20)

0.74 ± 0.05 (85.12 ± 53.66)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.15 ± 5.65)

0.90 ± 0.04 (125.07 ± 52.00)

0.79 ± 0.05 (95.47 ± 52.32)

(Time/s)

4.56

4.58

4.56

4.56

4.56

4.58

SRDA (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.09 ± 4.33)

0.91 ± 0.06 (128.23 ± 51.50)

0.73 ± 0.06 (79.41 ± 54.41)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.09 ± 4.33)

0.88 ± 0.03 (113.27 ± 38.85)

0.78 ± 0.05 (92.87 ± 53.10)

(Time/s)

0.82

0.83

0.83

0.82

0.82

0.82

LPP (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.10 ± 4.38)

0.91 ± 0.08 (128.33 ± 51.75)

0.73 ± 0.03 (75.74 ± 53.71)

0.96 ± 0.01 (135.10 ± 4.38)

0.88 ± 0.03 (114.70 ± 42.09)

0.78 ± 0.05 (90.16 ± 53.11)

(Time/s)

1.77

1.75

1.70

1.77

1.72

1.74

SRKDA

0.74 ± 0.20

0.73 ± 0.18

0.74 ± 0.19

0.74 ± 0.20

0.74 ± 0.19

0.74 ± 0.19

(Angle)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(Time/s)

0.97

1.00

0.95

0.82

0.96

0.94

L1 LDA (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (134.70 ± 5.11)

0.95 ± 0.02 (134.03 ± 12.72)

0.79 ± 0.03 (134.74 ± 13.65)

0.96 ± 0.01 (134.70 ± 5.11)

0.92 ± 0.02 (135.07 ± 9.04)

0.81 ± 0.03 (136.45 ± 17.85)

(Time/s)

11.89

28.97

13.65

11.89

18.98

23.41

Lasso SRDA

0.96 ± 0.01

0.95 ± 0.02

0.79 ± 0.03

0.96 ± 0.01

0.92 ± 0.02

0.81 ± 0.03

(Angle)

(135.17 ± 5.63)

(134.96 ± 11.08)

(135.10 ± 5.06)

(135.17 ± 5.63)

(134.64 ± 10.49)

(133.39 ± 4.87)

(Time/s)

6.19

5.99

6.14

6.19

6.08

6.05

L1 SR (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (134.70 ± 5.11)

0.94 ± 0.04 (130.72 ± 34.58)

0.79 ± 0.03 (133.09 ± 4.98)

0.96 ± 0.01 (134.70 ± 5.11)

0.92 ± 0.03 (135.08 ± 10.12)

0.80 ± 0.05 (134.39 ± 4.87)

(Time/s)

75.65

68.38

80.08

75.65

158.10

129.73

L1 GE (Angle)

0.96 ± 0.01 (134.70 ± 5.11)

0.95 ± 0.02 (135.07 ± 7.44)

0.79 ± 0.02 (135.15 ± 20.87)

0.96 ± 0.01 (134.70 ± 5.11)

0.92 ± 0.02 (135.07 ± 9.04)

0.81 ± 0.03 (133.45 ± 17.85)

(Time/s)

4.63

5.92

5.93

4.63

4.91

5.07