Table 4 Linear regression models testing cross-sectional associations between follow-up eGFR and follow-up RVP.

From: Retinal microvascular parameters are not associated with reduced renal function in a study of individuals with type 2 diabetes

Retinal microvascular parameter (per unit increase)

Unadjusted β eGFR (95% CI)

p

Adjusted β eGFR (95% CI)

p

Calibre

 Central retinal arteriolar equivalent

−0.47 (−0.87, −0.07)

0.02

−0.38 (−0.80, 0.05)

0.08

 Central retinal venular equivalent

−0.30 (−0.60, 0.00)

0.05

−0.27 (−0.58, 0.05)

0.10

 Arteriovenous ratio

−3.32 (−21.81, 15.16)

0.72

−0.52 (−19.64, 18.60)

0.96

Fractal dimension

    

 Arteriolar

−18.41 (−36.92, 0.10)

0.05

−17.64 (−36.71, 1.44)

0.07

 Venular

−3.74 (−22.79, 15.31)

0.70

−3.46 (−23.36, 16.43)

0.73

No. of First branches in zone C

 Arteriolar

−0.67 (−1.63, 0.30)

0.17

−0.50 (−1.50, 0.49)

0.32

 Venular

0.66 (−0.43, 1.75)

0.24

0.82 (−0.31, 1.95)

0.15

Tortuosity

 aArteriolar

−0.01 (−2.66, 2.65)

1.00

−0.01 (−2.75, 2.73)

0.99

 aVenular

−3.20 (−6.73, 0.32)

0.08

−2.22 (−5.86, 1.43)

0.23

  1. Follow-up eGFR and follow-up RVP, adjusted for age, gender, systolic blood pressure at follow-up, and HbA1c at follow-up. 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. aTortuosity variables were log transformed before linear regression to produce normal distribution.