Table 2 Biological activities of polygonumins A, vanicoside A and vanicoside B.

Biological activity

IC₅₀ (µg/ml)^a

Cytotoxic activity

HCT116

Doxorubicine^b

C33A

Doxorubicine

H1299

Doxorubicine

MCF7

Doxorubicine

A549

Doxorubicine

K562

Doxorubicine

V79-4 cells

3.24 ± 0.73

2.97 ± 0.17

36.84 ± 7.16*

0.90 ± 0.1

4.71 ± 0.68*

10.12 ± 0.35

2.87 ± 0.28*

0.52 ± 0.1

—

3.13±0.11

2.25 ± 0.24

2.13 ± 0.54

>50

—

Inhibitory effects on two-stage carcinogenesis of mouse skin tumor⁴⁸

Compound isolated from Polygonum pensylvanicum showed Cyototoxic activity againts MCF cell line¹⁸

Compound isolated from Polygonum pensylvanicum showed Cyototoxic activity againts MCF cell line¹⁸

Antioxidant Activity

(DPPH scavenging activity)

(Total Phenolic Content

(mg GAE/g)

(Reducing Power Assay (EC50 (µg/ml))

Polygonumins A

Gallic acid^b

Ascorbic acid^b

Polygonumins A

Polygonumins A

Gallic acid

812.83 ± 41.11*

35.48 ± 1.03

63.12 ± 1.11

124.0625 ±0.88

89.3 ± 2.3

59.3 ± 0.58

Isolation from Polygonum hydropiper showed significant DPPH scavenging activity at 26 μg/ml⁴⁹

—

—

Anticholinesterase activity

Polygonumins A

Tacrine^b

1980 ± 25.02*

2.54 ± 0.01

—

Anticholinesterase activity at 90 μg/ml was reported in Polygonum sachalinensis³³

α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

n.d

Inhibitory activity was observed at 225 μg/ml in Polygonum sachalinense³³

β-glucosidase Inhibitory activity

n.d

IC 50 of 59.8 μg/ml was observed in Polygonum sachalinense⁵⁰

IC 50 of 48.3±1.39 was observed in Polygonum sachalinense⁵⁰

Antimicrobial activity

n.d

Compound isolated from Polygonum sachalinense showed antimicrobial activity againts fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida⁵¹

Isolated from Polygonum sachalinense showed antimicrobial activity againts fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida⁵¹