Table 1 CRRS items loading on one of the two factors as identified by the CFA.

From: Development and validation of the Canine Reward Responsiveness Scale –Examining individual differences in reward responsiveness of the domestic dog

Factor 1

Factor 2

(b/t1) Is pushy when wants to play with ball/toy

(f1) Is pushy when wants to get food

(b/t2) Initiates play with ball/toy even with unfamiliar people

(f2) Goes to unfamiliar people to beg for food

(b/t3) Runs eagerly after the thrown ball/object

(f3) Wolfs down the food

(b/t4) Is responsive if cannot play balls/play with other objects at the usual place and/or time

(f4) Is responsive if does not receive food at the usual time

(b/t5) Initiates play with ball/other objects

 

(b/t6) Is so focused on playing with ball/objects that hardly notices what is happening around

(f6) Is so focused on eating that hardly notices what is happening around

(b/t7) Gets excited if he/she can play balls/fetch objects

(f7) Gets excited if he/she can get food

(b/t8) Quits playing with ball/other objects on his/her own (R) a

(f8) Leaves leftover food after the usual feeding (R) a

(b/t9) Can be motivated by ball/toy to do/tolerate things he/she does not like otherwise

 

(b/t10) Is tireless with playing with ball/objects

(f10) Has a voracious appetite

(b/t11) Is easily distracted from playing ball/fetching objects (R) a

 

(b/t12) Does not indicate that he/she would like to play with ball/toys (R) a

 

(b/t13) Only plays ball/fetches objects when is in a playful mood (R) a

(f13) Only shows interest in the food when is really hungry (R) a

(b/t14) Readily plays with any object

(f14) Readily eats anything

Interpretation

Ball/toy responsiveness (B/TR, α = 0.897)

Food responsiveness (FR, α = 0.846)

  1. Note. R = reversed item. All retained items had a standardized factor loading estimate ≥0.40.