Table 2 Mean ± SD of serum TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 in the different study groups.

From: Vitamin D alleviates lead induced renal and testicular injuries by immunomodulatory and antioxidant mechanisms in rats

Serum cytokines (pg/mL)

Study Groups

NC (n = 8)

PC (n = 8)

P-VD (n = 8)

TNF-α

25.01 ± 3.73

37.33 ± 7.14b

27.51 ± 4.81c

IL-4

7.83 ± 1.60

15.66 ± 2.33b

11.16 ± 2.04b,c

IL-10

12.66 ± 2.22

7.01 ± 1.78b

10.33 ± 1.86d

  1. (aP < 0.05 compared with the NC group; bP < 0.01 compared with the NC group; cP < 0.05 compared with the PC group and dP < 0.01 compared with the PC group).
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