Table 3 Linear, angular and cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements of the mandible.
From: Human mandibular shape is associated with masticatory muscle force
Measurement | Definition |
|---|---|
Bi-gonial breadth | Distance between right and left gonion |
Mandibular angle | The angle formed by the inferior border of the mandibular body and the posterior border of the ramus |
Mandibular angle width | The distance between the gonion and deepest point on the concavity connecting the anterior border of the ramus with the mandibular body |
Mandibular angle width CSA | The cross-sectional area of the mandibular body along the mandibular angle width line |
Ramus length | The distance from the highest point on the condyle to the gonion |
Ramus width | The distance between the anterior and posterior indentations of the mandible ramus |
Ramus width CSA | The cross-sectional area of the mandibular ramus along the ramus width line |
Coronoid width | The distance between the deepest point on the mandibular notch and the anterior border of the coronoid process |
Coronoid width CSA | The cross-sectional area of the mandibular ramus along the coronoid width line |
Coronoid height | The vertical distance between the most superior point of the coronoid process and the coronoid process width line, perpendicular to it |
Mandibular body length | The distance from the most anterior point of the chin to a line placed along the posterior border of the ramus |
Mandibular body height (P1-P2 and M2-M3) | The vertical distance from the alveolar crest between the 1st and 2nd premolars, or distal to the 2nd mollar, to the inferior border of the mandibular body |
Mandibular body CSA (P1-P2 and M2-M3) | The cross-sectional area of the mandibular body along the body height line |
Symphysis thickness | In the midsagital plane, the distance between the Pogonion and the most posterior point of the symphysis |
Chin height | The distance between the menton and the deepest point of the concavity between the posterior infradentale and pogonion |
