Table 4 Results of the multivariate analysis of variance for the walking behavior of the 3rd instar larvae of key lepidopteran pests (i.e., S. frugiperda and A. gemmatalis) in arenas treated with either the LC10 or LC50 of the oil of S. guianensis.

From: Essential oil of Siparuna guianensis as an alternative tool for improved lepidopteran control and resistance management practices

Sources of variation

df

Grouped larval locomotory activities

F

P

Between samples

Species (S)

1

66.4

<0.0001*

Essential oil concentration (EOC)

2

69.8

<0.0001*

S x EOC

2

23.3

<0.0001*

Error

74

—

—

 

df den /df num

Wilks’ lambda

F approx

P

Within samples

Time (T)

3/72

0.80

13.28

<0.001*

T x S

3/72

0.74

8.64

<0.001*

T x EOC

4/146

0.81

5.82

<0.001*

T x S x EOC

4/146

0.80

3.09

0.002*

  1. T: time of exposure (i.e., 3, 6 and 16 h); S: insect species (i.e., S. frugiperda and A. gemmatalis); EOC: LC10 and LC50 values of the S. guianensis essential oil estimated for each lepidopteran pest.
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