Figure 1

Effect of Pb²⁺ ions on cells. (A) Outward movement of fluorescent lipid analogue C6-NBD-PS in human RBC as a function of Pb²⁺ concentration. (B) Pb²⁺ - induced increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in human RBC and (C) Pb²⁺ -induced Ca²⁺ entrance rate in human RBC. (D) Pb²⁺ -induced increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration of CHO cells. Intracellular free calcium was measured with Fura-2AM. Gray columns, scramblase-transfected cells; solid black columns, mock-transfected cells. (E) Flow cytometric analysis of CHO cell staining with annexin V-FITC, the inhibition of Pb²⁺ -induced phosphatidylserine exposure by channel inhibitor clotrimazole (CLT) can be quantified. (F) Pb²⁺ -induced increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration of RBC cells for higher Pb²⁺ concentrations than in B. Intracellular free calcium was measured with Fura-2AM. Cells were incubated with Pb²⁺ for 1 h prior to measurements. Intracellular free calcium was measured with Fura-2AM. Mean values of three experiments ± S.D.