Figure 7
From: Turbulence and Cavitation Suppression by Quaternary Ammonium Salt Additives
Schematic representation of the additive effect on the cavitating vortices, black arrows indicate the cavitating vortices and the red arrow shows the axis of rotation of the vortices, cavitation is presented by the blue clouds and the micelles are presented by yellow worms. (a) Cavitating vortices in the recirculation region in the Newtonian fluid (top) and the viscoelastic fluid (bottom), micelles align with the flow and supress vortices rotating out of the nozzle cross sectional plane, (b) Vortex (string) cavitation under the needle in the Newtonian fluid (top) and the viscoelastic fluid (bottom), perturbations by the turbulent eddies can decay the string coherence and breakup the cavitating vortex, micelles can reduce the flow turbulence and contribute to development of a more stable longitudinal vortex and cavity core.
