Table 1 Characteristics of the whole study population (n = 2332).

n (females/males)

1469/863

Age (years)

40.0 [29.0–51.0]

BMI (kg∙m⁻²)

28.64 [24.24–35.85]

Waist circumference (cm)

96.0 [84.0–110.0]

Total body fat mass _MRT (% BW)^*

30.23 [23.52–37.82]

Visceral fat mass _MRT (% BW)^*

3.14 [1.89–4.30]

Liver fat _MRS (%)**

3.37 [1.56–8.09]

Fasting glucose (mM)

5.11 [4.83–5.50]

2 h glucose _OGTT

6.22 [5.22–7.28]

Fasting Insulin (pM)

60 [39–102]

2 h Insulin (pM)

360 [202–668]

Fasting free fatty acids (μM)

570 [429–724]

2 h free fatty acids (μM)

73 [47–113]

Fasting triglycerides (mg/dl)

102.0 [72.0–147.0]

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

190.0 [166.0–216.0]

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

51.0 [43.0–61.0]

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

116.0 [96.0–139.0]

Apolipoprotein AI (mg/dl)

152.0 [134.0–171.0]

Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl)

90.0 [75.0–107.0]

Glycated hemoglobin - HbA1c (%)

5.40 [5.10–5.70]

HOMA-IR index (10^–6 mol∙U∙l⁻²)

2.31 [1.42–4.03]

Insulin sensitivity _OGTT (10¹⁹ l²∙mol⁻²)

10.65 [6.33–17.38]

ISI_clamp (10⁶ l∙kg⁻¹∙min⁻¹)^***

0.074 [0.051–0.111]

C-peptide 30’(pmol/l)

1889 [1434–2489]

IGI [(Ins_30′-Ins_0′)/(Glc_30′-Glc_0′)]

140.7 [86.3–226.6]

AUC C-Pep _′0−30′/AUC Glc_0′−30′

184.6 [143.6–239.1]

AUC C-Pep _{0′−120′}/ AUC Glc_{0′−120′}

298.8 [242.9–364.7]