Figure 1
From: Excitation and injury of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes by nano- to millisecond electric shocks
A diagram of the single cell stimulation set-up (A,B) and numerical simulation of the electric field distribution (C). Tungsten electrodes, 100 μm in diameter, were positioned precisely at 50 μm above the glass coverslip with seeded cells (not shown). The angle to the coverslip was about 30°. A and B are the front and side views of the electrode position. The gap d between the electrodes varied in different sets of experiments from 170 to 300 μm, and the electric field between the electrodes was re-calculated for each gap distance. In panel C, the electric field values are calculated for 100 V applied to the electrodes with a gap of 170 μm. The position of electrode tips is denoted by white ovals. Electric field values reported in this paper are the average values for a 40 × 90 µm region in the middle of the gap between electrode tips (white dotted line rectangle), at 10 µm above the coverslip surface.
