Figure 2
From: Design of Phase Gradient Coding Metasurfaces for Broadband Wave Modulating

Schematic of element and its reflection properties. (a) The copper patch has a conductivity of 5.8 × 107 S/m with a width of w; The FR4 substrate backed by perfect electric conductor (PEC) plane has a thickness of h = 1 mm with a dielectric constant of 4.6 and loss tangent of 0.001, and the periodicity of the element is p = 7.5 mm. (b) Simulated reflection phase and amplitude at 10 GHz for the element with varying patch width is obtained by Finite Integral Technology (FIT).