Table 1 Numbers of cases and non-cases of glaucoma and macular degeneration in US radiologic technologists in relation to various risk factors, person years of follow-up and relative risks (hazard ratios) (evaluated via Cox regression) (+95% CI).
Glaucoma | Macular degeneration | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Non-cases | Person years | Relative risk | p-value | Cases | Non-cases | Person years | Relative risk | p-value | |
TOTAL | 1631 | 67,937 | 921,076 | 1331 | 68,638 | 930,098 | ||||
Sex | ||||||||||
Male | 389 | 14,687 | 194,670 | 1 (reference) | 0.531 | 340 | 14,868 | 196,997 | 1 (reference) | 0.632 |
Female | 1,242 | 53,250 | 726,406 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.08) | 991 | 53,770 | 733,101 | 0.97 (0.86, 1.10) | ||
Racial/ethnic group | ||||||||||
White | 1,483 | 64,569 | 877,062 | 1 (reference) | <0.001 | 1,282 | 65,104 | 884,626 | 1 (reference) | <0.001 |
Black | 100 | 1,812 | 22,856 | 2.23 (1.82, 2.73) | 22 | 1,937 | 23,943 | 0.48 (0.31, 0.73) | ||
Other | 48 | 1,556 | 21,158 | 1.26 (0.94, 1.67) | 27 | 1,597 | 21,529 | 0.77 (0.53, 1.13) | ||
Diabetes at baseline | ||||||||||
None | 1,462 | 63,795 | 875,139 | 1 (reference) | <0.001 | 1,214 | 64,365 | 882,591 | 1 (reference) | <0.001 |
Missing | 76 | 2,585 | 27,112 | 1.39 (1.10, 1.75) | 47 | 2,624 | 27,560 | 0.91 (0.68, 1.21) | ||
Diabetes | 93 | 1,557 | 18,825 | 2.30 (1.86, 2.84) | 70 | 1,649 | 19,947 | 1.73 (1.36, 2.21) | ||
Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m 2 ) at baseline | ||||||||||
18.5–24.9 (normal) | 741 | 33,689 | 463,628 | 1 (reference) | 0.127 | 578 | 33,969 | 467,106 | 1 (reference) | 0.001 |
Missing | 35 | 1,551 | 19,457 | 1.03 (0.73, 1.44) | 19 | 1,583 | 19,946 | 0.67 (0.42, 1.06) | ||
0–18.4 | 15 | 928 | 12,244 | 0.81 (0.48, 1.35) | 15 | 930 | 12,335 | 0.99 (0.59, 1.65) | ||
25.0–29.9 | 539 | 20,795 | 280,014 | 1.06 (0.95, 1.19) | 464 | 21,024 | 282,957 | 1.10 (0.98, 1.25) | ||
≥30.0 | 301 | 10,974 | 145,733 | 1.18 (1.04, 1.35) | 255 | 11,132 | 147,753 | 1.31 (1.13, 1.52) | ||
Baseline smoking status | ||||||||||
Never smoked | 854 | 38,150 | 523,637 | 1 (reference) | 0.371 | 648 | 38,541 | 527,987 | 1 (reference) | 0.002 |
Missing smoking status | 11 | 567 | 7,183 | 0.75 (0.41, 1.36) | 11 | 570 | 7,292 | 0.76 (0.42, 1.38) | ||
Former smoker | 562 | 20,731 | 279,892 | 1.06 (0.95, 1.18) | 495 | 20,961 | 283,266 | 1.15 (1.02, 1.29) | ||
Current smoker | 204 | 8,489 | 110,364 | 1.09 (0.94, 1.27) | 177 | 8,566 | 111,553 | 1.34 (1.14, 1.59) | ||
Baseline smoking quantity (cigarettes/day) | ||||||||||
Missing/never smoker | 898 | 39,698 | 547,047 | 1 (reference) | 0.179 | 686 | 40,094 | 551,669 | 1 (reference) | 0.007 |
0–9 | 151 | 5,358 | 70,899 | 1.19 (1.00, 1.41) | 108 | 5,445 | 71,767 | 1.06 (0.87, 1.30) | ||
10–19 | 234 | 9,772 | 130,251 | 1.02 (0.88, 1.18) | 204 | 9,844 | 131,471 | 1.15 (0.99, 1.35) | ||
20–29 | 236 | 9,490 | 125,754 | 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) | 230 | 9,579 | 127,232 | 1.27 (1.09, 1.47) | ||
30–39 | 59 | 2,214 | 28,899 | 1.05 (0.81, 1.37) | 55 | 2,247 | 29,336 | 1.25 (0.95, 1.65) | ||
≥40 | 53 | 1,405 | 18,226 | 1.37 (1.03, 1.80) | 48 | 1,429 | 18,623 | 1.49 (1.11, 1.99) | ||
Baseline age at stopping smoking (years) | ||||||||||
Never stopped/never smoked | 901 | 39,848 | 549,380 | 1 (reference) | 0.209 | 677 | 40,249 | 553,898 | 1 (reference) | <0.001 |
0–19 | 10 | 407 | 5,642 | 1.24 (0.67, 2.32) | 7 | 408 | 5,652 | 1.38 (0.66, 2.91) | ||
20–29 | 152 | 7,049 | 97,446 | 0.98 (0.82, 1.16) | 109 | 7,127 | 98,369 | 1.03 (0.84, 1.26) | ||
30–39 | 167 | 7,856 | 107,045 | 0.97 (0.82, 1.14) | 116 | 7,975 | 108,523 | 0.92 (0.75, 1.12) | ||
40–49 | 209 | 8,170 | 107,900 | 1.10 (0.95, 1.28) | 170 | 8,271 | 109,093 | 1.26 (1.07, 1.49) | ||
50–59 | 153 | 3,635 | 43,906 | 1.25 (1.05, 1.49) | 175 | 3,672 | 44,838 | 1.63 (1.38, 1.93) | ||
≥60 | 39 | 972 | 9,757 | 1.10 (0.79, 1.53) | 77 | 936 | 9,725 | 1.54 (1.21, 1.97) | ||
