Table 2 Results of one-sample t-test in beta values at the group level.

From: Preservation of explicit learning of visuomotor sequences during Parkinson’s disease progression

PD stage

Beta values

Degree of freedom

t values

P

Random task

Control

−22.34 ± 18.12

16

−5.08

<0.001**

Stage II

−8.20 ± 14.21

7

−1.63

0.147

Stage III

−3.33 ± 24.80

9

−0.42

0.681

Stage IV

−3.32 ± 27.56

4

−0.27

0.801

1 × 10 task

Control

−18.11 ± 20.51

16

−3.64

0.002**

Stage II

−31.27 ± 22.32

7

−3.96

0.005**

Stage III

−15.18 ± 33.40

9

−1.44

0.185

Stage IV

6.80 ± 35.10

4

0.43

0.687

2 × 5 task ERT

Control

−104.08 ± 56.23

16

−7.632

<0.001**

Stage II

−108.22 ± 57.15

7

−5.36

0.001**

Stage III

−155.04 ± 79.8

9

−6.14

<0.001**

Stage IV

−125.81 ± 82.66

4

−3.403

0.027*

2 × 5 task SRT

Control

−6.36 ± 11.30

16

−2.32

0.034*

Stage II

−4.26 ± 15.64

7

−0.77

0.47

Stage III

−12.64 ± 44.95

9

−0.89

0.4

Stage IV

11.74 ± 30.04

4

0.87

0.432

  1. Beta values are means ± SD. *P < 0.05 compared to zero, **P < 0.01 compared to zero.