Figure 3

Induction of epileptiform activity by pentylentetrazole (PTZ) and 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) administration, and the anticonvulsant effects of phenytoin at 9 WIV. Experiments of PTZ and 4-AP were performed in different wells of a 24-well MEA plate. (A) Induction of epileptiform activity using PTZ and the suppressive effect of phenytoin. (a) Raster plots for 1 min at PTZ and phenytoin administration in the neuron sample. PTZ was added to the culture medium at increasing concentrations (1 µM, 10 µM, 100 µM, and 1 mM). Phenytoin was then added (100 µM and 200 µM). (b) Responses of PTZ and phenytoin in co-culture with astrocytes. Scale bars = 1 min. (c) Changes in the number of SBFs versus before (%) during drug treatment in neurons and co-culture with astrocytes (n = 5 wells, **p < 0.01). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Holm–Bonferroni method. (B) Induction of epileptiform activity using 4-AP, and the effects of phenytoin. (a) Raster plots for 1 min at 4-AP and phenytoin administration in neuron samples. 4-AP was added to the culture medium at increasing concentrations (1 µM, 10 µM, 30 µM, and 60 µM). Phenytoin was then added (100 µM, 200 µM, and 300 µM). (b) Responses of 4-AP and phenytoin in co-culture with astrocytes. Scale bars = 1 min. (c) Changes in the number of SBFs versus before (%) and during drug treatment in neurons and co-culture with astrocytes (n = 6 wells, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).