Table 3 Classification results in % (6-fold cross-validation, LDA 100 runs, RF/SVM 20 runs) for distinguishing between AD and HC based on volume change from baseline to m12 (top) or m24 (bottom). Individual structures are sorted by effect size. The 5 structures with largest effect size are listed explicitly. Significant group differences indicated by + (p < 0.05) and ++ (p < 0.001). Bonferroni-corrected significance in parentheses.
AD patients (N = 195, PositivesP) vs. Healthy Controls (N = 290, NegativesN) (longitudinal analysis, bl → m12) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
structure | ACC (bACC) | SENS | SPEC | mean (SD) [%]P | mean (SD) [%]N | effect size (d) | p-value | sig. (corr.) |
RandomForest (all features) | 85 (84) | 78 | 90 | |||||
SVM (all features) | 84 (82) | 71 | 93 | |||||
(surrogate structures) | ||||||||
Ventricles | 75 (74) | 64 | 83 | 7.2 (4.6) | 2.8 (3.0) | 1.202 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
BrainTissue | 70 (70) | 67 | 72 | −1.3 (1.1) | −0.5 (0.8) | 0.862 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
WhiteMatter | 73 (73) | 68 | 77 | −0.8 (1.0) | −0.2 (0.7) | 0.736 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
CorticalGreyMatter | 65 (64) | 62 | 67 | −1.9 (2.3) | −0.8 (1.4) | 0.585 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
Brain | 64 (64) | 63 | 65 | −0.9 (1.0) | −0.4 (0.7) | 0.574 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
DeepGreyMatter | 66 (64) | 57 | 71 | −1.4 (1.7) | −0.8 (1.3) | 0.455 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
(selectedindividual structures) | ||||||||
Hippocampus | 80 (78) | 67 | 88 | −4.8 (3.7) | −1.1 (1.7) | 1.400 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
InfLatVent | 79 (77) | 69 | 86 | 7.5 (5.5) | 1.8 (3.3) | 1.334 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
LeftHippocampus | 80 (78) | 70 | 87 | −4.9 (4.2) | −1.1 (1.7) | 1.287 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
MTG | 76 (74) | 67 | 82 | −3.8 (2.8) | −1.1 (1.5) | 1.274 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
RightInfLatVent | 77 (75) | 65 | 84 | 7.4 (6.4) | 1.8 (3.3) | 1.185 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
AD patients (N = 117, PositivesP) vs. Healthy Controls (N = 168, NegativesN) (longitudinal analysis, bl → m24) | ||||||||
RandomForest (all features) | 89 (88) | 81 | 94 | |||||
SVM (all features) | 89 (88) | 80 | 95 | |||||
(surrogate structures) | ||||||||
Ventricles | 83 (81) | 70 | 92 | 14.7 (7.9) | 5.8 (3.7) | 1.531 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
BrainTissue | 80 (78) | 71 | 86 | −2.6 (1.3) | −1.1 (0.8) | 1.353 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
WhiteMatter | 75 (74) | 65 | 82 | −1.8 (1.4) | −0.6 (0.8) | 1.121 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
CorticalGreyMatter | 73 (73) | 69 | 77 | −3.5 (2.4) | −1.6 (1.7) | 0.928 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
Brain | 68 (67) | 65 | 70 | −1.5 (1.0) | −0.8 (0.7) | 0.847 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
DeepGreyMatter | 67 (66) | 63 | 69 | −2.3 (1.8) | −1.3 (1.3) | 0.604 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
(selected individual structures) | ||||||||
Hippocampus | 87 (85) | 77 | 94 | −10.2 (6.2) | −2.0 (2.4) | 1.880 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
InfLatVent | 84 (83) | 76 | 90 | 15.9 (8.8) | 3.5 (4.5) | 1.871 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
RightInfLatVent | 83 (82) | 73 | 90 | 16.1 (9.7) | 3.5 (4.9) | 1.728 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
LeftHippocampus | 86 (84) | 77 | 92 | −9.9 (6.6) | −1.9 (2.7) | 1.701 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
LeftInfLatVent | 80 (78) | 69 | 88 | 15.5 (9.5) | 3.5 (5.2) | 1.652 | <0.00001 | ++ (++) |
