Table 2 Clinical Summary of Septic Patients for Validation Cohort.

From: Challenges and Opportunities for Emergency Department Sepsis Screening at Triage

Age (yrs)	Major Comorbidities	Systemic Sx	Localizing Sx	tCFI	Triage SBP (mmHg)	Triage HR (bpm)	Triage Temp (°F)	ICU Dx
“Likely” Pre-diagnostic Infection Probability
27	IBD, TPN	Fever, weakness	“Generalized” abd. pain, HA	+	104	131	101.7	Chole
27	Unknown	Unresponsive	Unknown	+	70	88	96.4	Pna
31	Onc	Fever	SOB	+	98	160	105.1	Pna
44	Onc	Fever, hypotension	+/− abd. pain	+	100	137	97.8	Uro
46	ESRD, C. Dif.	Weakness	Diarrhea	+	146	68	98.4	Colitis
51	ESLD, auto	“Chronic body pain”	Nausea, cough, SOB	+	95	80	97.0	Colitis vs pna
53	Major disability	Unresponsive	Unknown	+	90	97	98.7	Uro
54	Onc	Weakness	Difficulty swallowing, cough	+	180	113	98.5	Pna
55	ESLD	Somnolent	Leg pain, bilateral leg edema	+	108	65	97.0	Soft tissue
58	Onc	Fever, tachycardia	None	+	124	159	104.0	Uro vs chole
59	Major disability	Fever	SOB	+	125	122	97.3	Uro
65	Major disability	Fever	Dry mouth, shoulder pain	+	123	88	100.2	Pna vs uro
65	COPD, CHF, C. Dif.	Lethargy	Abd. pain, diarrhea	+	88	110	97.0	Uro
66	Unknown	Unknown	SOB	+	149	120	96.0	Pna
66	Major disability	Fever, lethargy	SOB	+	160	112	98.4	Pna vs uro
67	Unknown	Unresponsive	SOB	+	73	82	98.0	Pna & endo
71	None	Fever	Acute femur fx after fall	+	101	83	98.0	Uro
81	COPD, CAD	Confusion	Abd. pain, SOB	+	101	79	98.2	Peritonitis
85	Major disability	Fever, lethargy	Unknown	+	130	103	100.1	Uro
89	COPD	Respiratory arrest	Unknown	+	87	114	94.6	Pna
94	CHF	Fever	Cough	+	120	70	97.2	Pna
“Possible” Pre-diagnostic Infection Probability
27	None	Near-syncope	Breast pain & erythema, SOB	Neg	87	144	99.9	Mastitis
38	ESLD	Lethargy, confusion	“Mild” abd. pain	+	190	69	98.0	Chole
43	None (alcoholism)	Somnolent, confused	MODS (from OSH)	Neg	133	109	96.5	Empiric
45	ESLD	Active seizures	Hypoxia	+	163	144	101.7	Pna
48	Onc	None	Abd. pain, vomiting, SOB	+	73	72	98.2	Peritonitis
50	IBD, TPN	Weakness, falls	Abd. pain	+	98	95	98.4	Line
53	Active cancer, COPD	Weakness	Chest & back pain	+	143	107	100.0	Empiric
54	Major disability	Fever, confusion	Orthopedic cast (foot) pain	+	109	118	102.5	Uro
56	None (minor CVA)	Confusion, syncope	Chest pain, SOB	Neg	159	81	97.0	Empiric
56	ESLD	Weakness	Chest pain	+	58	86	97.1	Uro & colitis
57	Onc	Lethargy, hypotension	Hemoptysis	+	97	116	97.4	Empiric
59	CHF	Unknown	SOB	+	126	138	97.0	Pna
60	None (alcoholism)	Hypotensive	Abd. & chest pain, EKG Δ	Neg	74	122	98.0	Odontogenic
64	ESLD	Somnolent, confused	Unknown	+	96	96	97.9	Colitis vs uro
67	None	Somnolent, confused	Unknown	+	77	60	97.0	Empiric
67	None	Lethargy, syncope	Unknown	+	103	68	86.3	Empiric
69	ESLD	Somnolent, confused	Unknown	+	67	73	97.8	Soft tissue
70	None	Lethargy, confusion	Incontinence	+	148	110	99.4	Soft tissue
72	COPD	Lethargy, diaphoretic	Unknown	+	64	42	98.0	Empiric
74	CHF	None	Back pain, cough, SOB	+	126	80	97.8	Pna
75	Onc	None	“Mild” RUQ pain, nausea	+	186	89	96.0	Chole
75	None	Syncope	Nausea	+	78	130	97.4	Uro
77	Onc	Myalgias	HA, SOB	+	79	71	97.0	Line
79	Unknown	PEA arrest	Unknown	+	129	116	97.5	Pna
79	Major disability	Somnolent, confused	Unknown	+	137	105	98.2	Uro
80	Onc	None	“Diffuse” abd. pain, SOB	+	159	128	97.0	Pna
81	Appi (recent)	Syncope	Diarrhea, SOB	+	136	65	97.1	Peritonitis
84	CHF, COPD	Somnolent	SOB	+	111	77	96.2	Pna
“Unlikely” Initial Infection Probability
82	None	“Dizziness”	Significant bradycardia	Neg	128	44	98.0	Urosepsis

Clinical summary of vasopressor-dependent ED septic shock patients from validation cohort. “Unknown” indicates clinical information that ED providers were unable to obtain, e.g., patient confused or mechanically ventilated. Initial infection probability: Categorization of ED provider concern for bacterial infection prior to diagnostic testing (“likely”, “possible” or “unlikely”) based on the ED provider’s documentation. Major comorbidities: Pre-specified sepsis risk factors (see text for details); notable PMHx that was not included in the tCFI “risk factor” criteria is reported in parentheses. Onc = active cancer; major disability = physical or cognitive disability requiring services; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAD = coronary artery disease; ESLD = end-stage liver disease including cirrhosis; auto = auto-immune disease with immunosuppressive therapy; CHF = congestive heart failure; C. Dif. = recent or active treatment for C. Dif. colitis; h/o CVA = prior cerebrovascular accident; appi (recent) = recent appendicitis with ongoing antibiotic treatment. Systemic sx and Localizing sx: pertinent positives documented in ED provider note. Sx = symptoms; abd. = abdominal; +/− = ED documentation inconsistent; HA = headache; SOB = shortness of breath; fx = fracture; EKG Δ = ST segment elevations on electrocardiogram; RUQ = right upper quadrant of abdomen; MODS (from OSH) = transferred from outside hospital with multiple organ failure. ICU Dx: documented indication for antibiotic treatment following admission to the ICU. Chole = cholesystitis; uro = urosepsis; pna = pneumosepsis; empiric = antibiotics without identified source; line = indwelling vascular catheter infection.

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Table 2 Clinical Summary of Septic Patients for Validation Cohort.

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