Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the UK CF Registry on December 31st 2012. (§Continuous variables: median (inter-quartile range)).
From: Prognostication and Risk Factors for Cystic Fibrosis via Automated Machine Learning
Variable | Alive & no LT n = 3,682 (%) | Death/LT n = 382 (%) | p-value | Variable | Alive & no LT n = 3,682 (%) | Death/LT n = 382 (%) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (% male) | 2,027 (55.0) | 192 (50.2) | 0.075 | Pancreatic | |||
Age (years)§ | 27.6 (12) | 29.2 (14) | <0.001 | Cirrhosis | 86 (2.3) | 24 (6.3) | <0.001 |
Height (cm)§ | 168.0 (14) | 166.0 (15) | <0.001 | Liver Disease | 578 (15.7) | 81 (21.2) | 0.007 |
Weight (kg)§ | 63.1 (17) | 54.8 (15) | <0.001 | Pancreatitis | 57 (1.5) | 3 (0.8) | 0.368 |
BMI (kg/m2)§ | 22.3 (4) | 20.1 (4) | <0.001 | Liver Enzymes | 521 (14.1) | 98 (25.7) | <0.001 |
CFTR genotype | Gall Bladder | 20 (0.5) | 3 (0.8) | 0.472 | |||
Homozygous | 1,784 (48.4) | 208 (54.4) | <0.001 | GI Bleed (variceal) | 3 (0.1) | 3 (0.8) | 0.013 |
Heterozygous | 1,240 (33.7) | 92 (24.0) | <0.001 | Gastrointestinal | |||
ΔF508 | 3,189 (86.6) | 325 (85.0) | 0.388 | GERD | 747 (20.3) | 100 (26.2) | 0.008 |
G551D | 224 (6.0) | 15 (3.9) | 0.108 | GI Bleed (no variceal) | 4 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0.390 |
Class I | 169 (4.6) | 23 (6.0) | 0.205 | Intestinal Obstruction | 303 (8.2) | 33 (8.6) | 0.770 |
Class II | 3,207 (87.1) | 326 (85.3) | 0.338 | Musculoskeletal | |||
Class III | 3,281 (89.1) | 330 (86.3) | 0.123 | Arthropathy | 338 (9.2) | 52 (13.6) | 0.008 |
Class IV | 184 (5.0) | 4 (1.0) | <0.001 | Bone Fracture | 39 (1.1) | 6 (1.6) | 0.310 |
Class V | 130 (3.5) | 8 (2.0) | 0.179 | Osteopenia | 710 (19.3) | 126 (33.0) | <0.001 |
Class VI | 3,189 (86.6) | 325 (85.0) | 0.388 | Other | |||
Spirometry § | Cancer | 8 (0.2) | 5 (1.3) | 0.005 | |||
FEV1 (L) | 2.34 (1.4) | 0.99 (0.6) | <0.001 | Diabetes | 906 (24.6) | 199 (52.1) | <0.001 |
FEV1% | 67.8 (35) | 29.6 (19) | <0.001 | CFRD | 1,096 (29.8) | 223 (58.4) | <0.001 |
Best FEV1 (L) | 2.57 (1.4) | 1.2 (0.7) | <0.001 | Pulmonary Abscess | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
Best FEV1% | 75.2 (31) | 35.2 (18) | <0.001 | Chronic Pseudomonas | 2,005 (54.5) | 281 (73.6) | <0.001 |
FEV1% (2011) | 70.2 (34) | 36.2 (20) | <0.001 | Osteoporosis | 293 (8.0) | 91 (23.8) | <0.001 |
FEV1% (2010) | 70.7 (33) | 37.5 (23) | <0.001 | AICU | 5 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0.447 |
FEV1% (2009) | 72.2 (32) | 41.2 (27) | <0.001 | Kidney Stones | 45 (1.2) | 17 (4.5) | <0.001 |
FEV1% (2008) | 73.7 (31) | 45.2 (27) | <0.001 | Cough Fracture | 1 (0.0) | 3 (0.8) | 0.003 |
Lung Infections | Hypertension | 121 (3.3) | 23 (6.0) | 0.012 | |||
B. Cepacia | 176 (4.8) | 35 (9.2) | 0.001 | Atypical Mycobacteria | 127 (3.4) | 17 (4.5) | 0.308 |
P. Aeruginosa | 2,190 (59.5) | 295 (77.2) | <0.001 | Hearing Loss | 82 (2.2) | 26 (6.8) | <0.001 |
MRSA | 154 (4.2) | 17 (4.5) | 0.789 | Depression | 257 (7.0) | 59 (15.4) | <0.001 |
Aspergillus | 478 (13.0) | 70 (18.3) | 0.006 | Inhaled Antibiotics | 2,194 (59.6) | 280 (73.3) | <0.001 |
NTM | 186 (5.1) | 20 (5.2) | 0.902 | Muco-active Therapies | |||
H. Influenza | 191 (5.2) | 10 (2.6) | 0.025 | DNase | 2,057 (55.9) | 297 (77.7) | <0.001 |
E. Coli | 17 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 0.698 | Hypertonic Saline | 859 (23.3) | 109 (28.5) | 0.027 |
K. Pneumoniae | 10 (0.3) | 3 (0.8) | 0.116 | Promixin | 765 (20.8) | 71 (18.6) | 0.352 |
Gram-negative | 14 (0.4) | 4 (1.0) | 0.082 | Tobramycin | 110 (3.0) | 28 (7.3) | <0.001 |
ALCA | 97 (2.6) | 25 (6.5) | <0.001 | iBuprofen | 8 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 0.241 |
Staph. Aureus | 1,175 (31.9) | 64 (16.8) | <0.001 | Oral Corticosteroids | 347 (9.4) | 122 (31.9) | <0.001 |
Xanthomonas | 165 (4.5) | 23 (6.0) | 0.199 | IV Antibiotics | 1493 (40.5) | 292 (76.4) | <0.001 |
B. Multivorans | 86 (2.3) | 16 (4.2) | 0.037 | IV Antibiotic Courses § | |||
B. Cenocepacia | 51 (1.4) | 13 (3.4) | 0.007 | Days at Home | 0 (14) | 14 (49) | <0.001 |
Pandoravirus | 8 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 0.241 | Days at Hospital | 0 (13) | 27.5 (56) | <0.001 |
Comorbidities | Non-IV Hospitalization | 312 (8.5) | 62 (16.2) | <0.001 | |||
Respiratory | Non-invasive Ventilation | 161 (4.4) | 82 (21.5) | <0.001 | |||
ABPA | 432 (11.7) | 71 (18.6) | <0.001 | Oxygen Therapy | 279 (7.6) | 205 (53.7) | <0.001 |
Nasal Polyps | 123 (3.3) | 4 (1.0) | 0.012 | Continuous | 13 (0.4) | 75 (19.6) | <0.001 |
Asthma | 578 (15.7) | 58 (15.2) | 0.825 | Nocturnal | 42 (1.1) | 48 (12.6) | <0.001 |
Sinus Disease | 486 (13.2) | 41 (10.7) | 0.200 | Exacerbation | 100 (2.7) | 46 (12.0) | <0.001 |
Hemoptysis | 48 (1.3) | 11 (2.9) | 0.022 | Pro re nata | 37 (1.0) | 29 (7.6) | <0.001 |