Table 3 Comparison between the Tanjong Pagar Survey (TPS) and the Singapore Chinese Eye Study (SCES) on the prevalence of best-corrected blindness and visual impairment (VI).

From: Trends of Visual Impairment and Blindness in the Singapore Chinese Population over a Decade

Vision Status#

Age group, years

United States Definition

World Health Organization Definition

TPS (N = 1,152)

SCES (N = 3,353)

TPS (n = 1,152)

SCES (n = 3,353)

n, (%)

n, (%)

n, (%)

n, (%)

Bilateral blindness

40–49

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

50–59

0 (0.0)

1 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

60–69

1 (0.3)

2 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.1)

70 + 

5 (2.0)

5 (0.8)

4 (1.6)

3 (0.5)

Total

6 (0.5)

8 (0.2)

4 (0.3)

4 (0.1)

Age-standardised prevalence, % (95% CI)*

0.3 (0.1–0.9)

0.2 (0.1–0.4)

0.2 (0.1–0.8)

0.1 (0.0–0.3)

Bilateral VI^

40–49, n (%)

1 (0.4)

3 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

1 (0.1)

50–59, n (%)

3 (1.1)

6 (0.5)

2 (0.7)

4 (0.4)

60–69, n (%)

20 (6.5)

29 (3.2)

8 (2.6)

9 (1.0)

70+, n (%)

39 (15.2)

112 (17.7)

14 (5.5)

42 (6.7)

Total, n (%)

63 (5.5)

150 (4.5)

25 (2.2%)

56 (1.7)

Age-standardised prevalence, % (95% CI)*

3.8 (2.9–5.0)

3.4 (2.9–4.0)

1.6 (1.0–2.5)

1.3 (0.9–1.9)

  1. Based on the U.S definition, VI was defined as VA < 20/40 to ≥20/200. Blindness was defined as VA < 20/200.
  2. Based on the WHO definition, VI was defined as VA < 20/60 to ≥20/400. Blindness was defined as VA < 20/400.
  3. #Bilateral blindness and bilateral VI were defined based on better-seeing eye.
  4. ^Bilateral VI includes participants with VI in one eye and VI/ blindness in the other eye.
  5. *Standardised to Singapore Chinese adult population 2010 census.