Table 5 Adjusted OR for potentially inappropriate medication prescription by physician-, hospital-, and ED visit-level characteristics according to three sets of PIM criteria.
Characteristics | Beers Criteria | PIM-Taiwan criteria | PRISCUS criteria | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
Physician characteristics | ||||||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | |||
Female | 0.91*** | 0.88–0.93 | 0.86*** | 0.84–0.89 | 0.92*** | 0.89–0.95 |
Age (years) | ||||||
≤40 | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | |||
>40 | 1.02** | 1–1.03 | 0.94*** | 0.93–0.96 | 0.98** | 0.97–0.99 |
Specialty | ||||||
Emergency medicine | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | |||
Non-emergency medicine | 0.97*** | 0.96–0.98 | 0.92*** | 0.91–0.94 | 1.08*** | 1.07–1.1 |
Hospital characteristics | ||||||
Level of accreditation | ||||||
Medical center | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | 1(ref) | |||
Non-medical center | 1.42*** | 1.4–1.44 | 1.43*** | 1.4–1.45 | 1.32*** | 1.3–1.34 |
Visit characteristics | ||||||
Number of medications | 1.46*** | 1.46–1.47 | 1.27*** | 1.27–1.27 | 1.25*** | 1.24–1.25 |
Duration of medication | 1.03*** | 1.02–1.03 | 1.05*** | 1.05–1.05 | 1.03*** | 1.02–1.03 |
