Table 7 Direct and indirect effects of NAH¹⁵N, AA¹⁵N and AHA¹⁵N on residual ¹⁵N in paddy soil at different growing stages of rice plants.

Organic N fractions	Direct coefficients of determination	Indirect coefficients of determination
Organic N fractions	Direct coefficients of determination	x₁	x₂	x₃	Total
Tillering stage
x₁	0.502^**	—	−0.001	0.634	0.633
x₃	0.667^**	0.477	−0.005	—	0.472
Booting stage
x₁	0.555^**	—	0.073	0.019	0.092
Maturing stage
x₁	0.567^**	—	−0.426	−0.098	−0.524
x₂	−0.555^*	0.434	—	−0.021	0.413
x₃	−0.142 ^ns	0.391	−0.081	—	0.310

x₁ represents acid hydrolysable-¹⁵N (AH¹⁵N); x₂ represents non-acidhydrolysible-¹⁵N (NAH¹⁵N); x₃ represents amino acid-¹⁵N (AA¹⁵N); “ * and **” indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively, “ns” means no significant difference at P < 0.05.

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