Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Multiple polymerase gene mutations for human adaptation occurring in Asian H5N1 influenza virus clinical isolates

Figure 1

Effect of mutations on H5N1 clade 2.3.4 virus polymerase activity. Human 293T cells and avian DF-1 cells were transfected with plasmids expressing VN/HN PB2, PB1, PA or NP with the indicated single or multiple mutations, a human or chicken polymerase I-driven plasmid expressing a vRNA-oriented luciferase reporter gene, and a plasmid expressing Renilla luciferase as an internal control. After 48 h incubation at 33 or 37 °C, luciferase activities were measured, normalized to the internal Renilla luciferase activity, and expressed relative to the results for VN/HN (wt). (A) VN/HN polymerase activity at 37 °C in 293T cells. (B) VN/HN polymerase activity at 33 °C in 293T cells. (C) VN/HN polymerase activity at 37 °C in DF-1 cells. Colors on each x-axis indicate the different virus genes. An asterisk indicates a P value < 0.01 (ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test). Asterisks for mutations with negative effects on polymerase activity were omitted for clarity.

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