Table 1 Prevalence of H5N1 polymerase mutations in human and avian viruses identified in the database search in this study.

From: Multiple polymerase gene mutations for human adaptation occurring in Asian H5N1 influenza virus clinical isolates

Segment (no. of strains with mutation)

Host of virus with mutation

Mutation

% of strains with mutation (no. of strains)a

Human viruses

Bird viruses

PB2 (9)

Only in human viruses

H134R

12.5 (3)

0 (0)

K190R

8.3 (2)

0 (0)

M315I

8.3 (2)

0 (0)

D701N

8.3 (2)

0 (0)

More prevalent in human viruses than in avian viruses

T81A

12.5 (3)

1.5 (3)

V344M

16.7 (4)

3.0 (6)

L618M

16.7 (4)

0.5 (1)

Y658H

12.5 (3)

2.0 (4)

G685R

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

PB1 (8)

Only in human viruses

T156V

8.3 (2)

0 (0)

More prevalent in human viruses than in avian viruses

T21S

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

M111I

12.5 (3)

0.5 (1)

N314S

8.3 (2)

2.0 (4)

N328K

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

D398E

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

M744T

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

K745R

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

PA (14)

Only in human viruses

M86V

8.3 (2)

0 (0)

F562Y

8.3 (2)

0 (0)

More prevalent in human viruses than in avian viruses

S65P

8.3 (2)

2.0 (4)

T85A

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

N115S

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

N222S

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

A224P

8.3 (2)

2.0 (4)

L226F

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

Y305F

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

A343T

16.7 (4)

0.5 (1)

D394G

12.5 (3)

0.5 (1)

E610D

8.3 (2)

2.0 (4)

E613V

16.7 (4)

0.5 (1)

A689S

8.3 (2)

0.5 (1)

NP (2)

More prevalent in human viruses than in avian viruses

T430A

12.5 (3)

2.5 (5)

L466F

8.3 (2)

1.5 (3)

  1. aThe sequences of 24 human virus strains and 198 avian virus strains isolated in Southern China, Vietnam and Cambodia during 2008–2012 and in the NCBI Influenza Virus Resource were used in this study.