Figure 5

HSL and PKA activity in periparturient cows. Least squares means of the ratio of pHSL(Ser563):HSL (A) and pAKT:AKT (C) in explants cultured in basal incubation condition from SCAT samples taken during the dry (−11 ± 1 d), fresh (+11 ± 0.2 d) and lactation (+24 ± 0.4 d relative to calving) period from Holstein dairy cows. Change in ratio of pHSL(Ser563):HSL in explants incubated with CAY compared with basal incubation conditions (B) and change in ratio of pAKT:AKT in explants incubated with insulin (1 µg/L) compared with basal incubation conditions (D). Error bars represent the SEM. Time-points with different letters differ significantly (ab, P < 0.05). P-values for the effect of period on the ratio of protein phosphorylation and the change in ratio of protein phosphorylation are derived from the linear mixed effect model.