Figure 7
Oral administration of Lactobacillus johnsonii alleviated Escherichia coli-induced anxiety-like behaviors and colitis in mice. Experimental schedule (a). Anxiety-like behaviors were measured on the 10th day after the initial treatment with FIS in the EPM (b) MB (c) and LDT (d) tasks. IS was treated for 10 days. NF-κB activation and BDNF and claudin-5 expression were measured in the hippocampus (e). Brain TNF-α (f) IL-1β (g) and IL-6 (h) levels were analyzed by ELISA kits. Iba-1+/CD11b+ and CD11b+/CD11b+ populations were assayed in CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus by a confocal microscope (i). Blood corticosterone (j) TNF-α (k) IL-1β (l) IL-6 (m) and LPS (n) levels in the blood. Colitis markers body weight gain (o) macroscopic score (p) colon shortening (q) and MPO activity (r) TNF-α (s) IL-1β (t) IL-6 (u) IL-10 (v) and NF-κB activation, iNOS, and COX-2 expression (w) were measured in the colon. Fecal LPS level (x) and gut microbiota (y) were measured in the feces. CD11b+/CD11b+ populations were assayed in the colon by a confocal microscope (z). NC, EC, and EJ in figures indicate groups treated with vehicle alone (1% dextrose) in control mice, vehicle in E. coli-treated mice, and L. johnsonii in E. coli-treated mice, respectively. The bacterial abundance was indicated as % of NC. All data except immunoblotting data (n = 4) were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 8). #p < 0.05 vs. NC group. *p < 0.05 vs. EC-treated control (EC) group.
