Figure 2
From: Geobiology reveals how human kidney stones dissolve in vivo
Evidence for in vivo dissolution and nano-layering from confocal auto-fluorescence (CAF) and SRAF imaging of the MP2 CaOx kidney stone. Specific areas of the MP2 stone from which these image enlargements are made are shown in Supplementary Fig. 1. (a) Tiled CAF image of merged pseudo-colored RGB channels with no image adjustments. (b,c) SRAF images of merged pseudo-colored RGB channels. The brightness and contrast of each image is individually adjusted to highlight the layered crystalline architecture (raw images with and without adjustments are presented in Supplementary Fig. 22). (d) SRAF image of COMC nano-layering from merged two-channel blue and red (pseudo-colored cyan) channels (Z-stack optical sections of all layers are presented in Supplementary Video 2). The SRAF green channel is identical to the red channel (pseudo-colored cyan) and therefore not included. (e) Individual ~140 nm-thick dark and light nano-layers (open and closed arrowheads) with enlargement (e). Radiating twinned crystals grow with their c-axis oriented perpendicular to each dark or light nano-layer (arrows). (f) Black and white circular polarization phase contrast (CPOLPC) image shows COMC dark organic matter-rich and light mineral-rich nano-layering with enlargement (g). The original color image of the same area is presented in Supplementary Fig. 18. Images (d,e) are displayed with best-fit intensity profiles. Images (f,g) are displayed with best-fit intensity profiles after a gamma correction of 0.4.
