Table 1 Effects of site and successional time on community-weighted means (CWMs) of vegetative and regenerative traits in recovering sand grasslands.

From: Both trait-neutrality and filtering effects are validated by the vegetation patterns detected in the functional recovery of sand grasslands

Characteristic

Successional time

Site

Interaction

CTC

Community weighted mean (CWM)

F

p

F

p

F

p

R

Vegetative traits

SLA

12.274

**

60.593

***

4.714

***

 

LDMC

57.931

***

9.756

**

3.432

**

0.36*

Leaf area

28.405

***

21.077

***

9.988

***

 

Leaf dry weight

20.668

**

12.904

***

3.388

**

 

Clonal spreading

193.428

***

117.967

***

10.369

***

0.33*

Plant height

61.417

***

52.348

***

6.096

***

−0.46**

Life form

198.498

***

24.493

***

24.654

***

 

Regenerative traits

Flowering start

11.513

**

4.282

*

7.485

***

 

Flowering period

16.859

**

16.141

***

7.599

***

−0.35*

Wind pollination

34.429

***

13.796

***

20.452

***

0.41**

Insect pollination

29.802

***

13.502

***

17.841

***

−0.42**

Self-pollination

26.906

***

19.505

***

6.583

***

 

Seed weight

43.689

***

29.802

***

12.994

***

 

Terminal velocity

24.842

***

26.460

***

11.401

***

−0.46**

Seed bank persistence

18.188

**

5.106

*

7.117

***

−0.44**

  1. Two-way repeated measure GLM with ‘site’ as fixed and ‘successional time’ as repeated measure factor. Notations: CTC – correlation with total cover. Significance levels: n.s. = non-significant; *0.01 ≤ p < 0.05; **0.001 ≤ p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
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