Table 1 The performance of dry-electrode based BCI in recent years.
Literature | Electrode type | Paradigm | Algorithm | System calibration | Subject numbers | Health status | Electrode numbers | Target numbers | Accuracy (%) | ITR (bits/min) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
134 | Metal pin | P300 | Averaging | Yes | 4 | healthy | 8 | 80 | 85 | NA |
234 | Solid-gel electrode | P300 | Averaging | Yes | 4 | healthy | 8 | 80 | 86.7 | NA |
331 | Gold pin (g.tec) | P300 | Averaging | Yes | 23 | healthy | 8 | 50 | 90.4 | NA |
419 | Bristle shape | MI | CSP | Yes | 8 | healthy | 5 | 2 | 78.8 ± 13.6 | NA |
535 | Comb-shaped pin | MI | PSD | Yes | 10 | healthy | 3 | 2 | 81.3 | 6.6 ± 10.8 |
636 | Metal pin | MI | CSP | Yes | 5 | healthy | 6 | 2 | 86.8 | 9.6 |
724 | Non-Contact | SSVEP | CCA | No | 3 | healthy | 3 | 12 | 83 ± 0.2 | 14.5 ± 6.85 |
837 | Gold cup | SSVEP | FFT | No | 3 | healthy | 1 | 2 | 96 | 18.23 |
914 | Spring-loaded pin | SSVEP | CCA | No | 10 | healthy | 3 | 12 | 89 ± 7 | 26.5 ± 4.2 |
1020 | Metal pin | SSVEP | PSD | No | 6 | healthy | 8 | 4 | 63 | 23 |
1121 | Spring-loaded pin | SSVEP | Stimulus locked inter-trace correlation | No | 14 | healthy | 1 | 4 | 75.8 | 34.3 |
1222 | Non-Contact | SSVEP | FFT | No | 10 | patients | 1 | 12 | 91.1 | 38.28 |
1323 | g.Sahara electrodes | c-VEP | CCA | Yes | 12 | healthy | 15 | 32 | 76 | 46 |
This work | Claw shape | SSVEP | TRCA | Yes | 11 | healthy | 8 | 12 | 93.2 | 92.35 |
