Figure 9
From: Effects of soiling on photovoltaic (PV) modules in the Atacama Desert

(a) Soiling ratio (SR) measured in Iquique (red curve) and SR computed assuming no self-cleaning events (dashed blue curve); (b) Fraction of the potential energy losses due to soiling that was actually lost during a 12-month period in Arica, Iquique, Calama, Copiapo, La Serena and Santiago.