Figure 2
From: Afar triple junction triggered by plume-assisted bi-directional continental break-up
Deformation modes resulting from the 3D experiments. (a) Schematic representation of deformation modes as a function of the applied velocity boundary conditions (see also Supplementary Fig. 2). Note the NS trend of localized extensional structures in cases where EW extension dominates and ~EW rift orientation for experiments where northward pull dominates. Close values of extension and pull favour the development of R-R-R triple junctions. (b–g) Top view of the most representative experiments for (b) axisymmetric mode of deformation, (c) EW and (d) NS linear rift, (e) ridge-transform pattern, (f) triple junction, and (g) four interconnected triple junctions. Blue to red colours indicate crustal strain rate distribution at the moment of break-up. The plume material is shown in dark red.
