Figure 3

Effects of maternal HFD and offspring sex on bacterial diversity and abundance. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination of the OTU dissimilarity matrix (Bray-Curtis) of β-diversity values in offspring fed (A) control or (B) HFD. Venn diagrams representing the numbers of bacterial genera showing significant change (via DeSeq2) due to maternal HFD in offspring of either sex within (C) control or (D) HFD contexts postnatally. (E,F) Bar charts showing fold change of differentially expressed bacterial genera in male and female offspring. Note that male offspring exposed to HFD postnatally show greater reconfiguration of microbiota. Statistical differences between the groups were determined using inverse binomial tests using Deseq2 (p < 0.05).